Hydraulic riveting-machine



H. vVI LOSS.

HY INE. No. 496,059. Patented Apr. 25, 1893.

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H. V. LOSS. HYDRAULIC RIVBTING MACHINE. No. 496,059. PatentedApr. 25,1893'.

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Patented Apr. 25, 1893.

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E. V. LGSS. .HYDRAULIC RIVETING MACHINE.

No. 496,059. Patented Apr. 25, 1893.

VENTOR MMM.

@MALLA UNTTED STATES PATENT @Trice HENRIK V. LOSS, OF PHILADELPHIA,PENNSYLVANIA.

HYDRAULIC RlVET-ING-IVIACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 496,059, dated April25, 1893.

i Application filed March 10, 1892. Serial No. 424,374. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Beit known that I, HENRIK V. Loss, a citizen of theUnited States, and aresident of the city and county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inHydraulic Riveting- Machines, of which the following is a specification.

Myinven tion relates to improvements in hydraulic riveting machines andconsists in certain combinations and arrangements of parts, as fullydescribed and claimed hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, and inwhich similar letters of reference indicate similar parts throughout theseveral views: Figure 1, is a side elevation, partly in section of myriveting machine; Fig. 2, a central vertical longitudinal sectionalelevation through the main ram cylinder and its connected parts, theupper half of the main ram being shown in elevation; Fig. 3, a sideelevation of device for limiting the backward movement of the main ram;-Fig. 4, a central horizontal longitudinal sectional elevation throughthe main ram cylinder and auxiliary cylinders; Fig. 5, an enlarged sideelevation of the head on the back stake, Fig. l; Fig. 6, a verticalsection of the main ram cylinder on line 1-2, Fig. 2; Fig. 7, a halffront elevation of main ram cylinder, dac.; Fig. 8, a half section ofFig. 2, on line 3 4, Fig. 2; Fig. 9, a central sectional elevationthrough cross head on top of the central stationary hollow column whichcarries the riveting machine, showinghydraulic apparatus for verticallyadjusting the riveting machine; Fig. l0,.a plan of the cross head, Fig.7, and its connected parts.

A. is a central stationary hollow column supported upon a suitable baseB.

C. is a frame the lower or cylindrical part of which surrounds thecolumn A. and which is held and guided by said column in its movements.

The upper end of column A. carries the hydraulic mechanism through whichthe frame C is raised and lowered. This mechanism is constructed andoperates as follows:

E. is a water inlet pipe which passes up through the center of thestationary pipe A. The upper end of this pipe connects with a pipeE-Fig. 9, which is connected with a T F. Figs. l, 9 and 10.

E2, Fig. 9, is a stuffing boX on top of pipe A. th rough which lower endof pipe E passes, and into the bottom of which pipe E. is screwed asshown. The lower end of pipe E. is connected by suitable pipes with anaccumulator, or pumps, not. shown. The water after passing through pipesE. E and the T-F., passes through pipe F', Fig. l0, to the rivetingmachine proper, as hereinafter described, and through the pipe F2 to avalve F3, which can be opened'or closed at Will by the operator; thencethrough pipes G. G-G to chambers D in the cross head D. which is carriedby the upper end of the central stationary pipe A. Through the ends ofthe cross head D. plungers H. pass, the upper ends of which carry theframe C. and its connected parts.

H are pipes screwed into the under side of the cross head and into whichthe lower part of the plungers H. pass, Figs. 1 and 9. The lower ends ofthese pipes are closed by a plug H2, Fig. 1.

H3 are stuffing boxes on the upper part of cross head through which theplungers H. pass. The water from chamber D passes through passage D2 inbetween the plungers H. and the pipes H', and acting upon the bottoms ofthe plungers lift them and the frame C. and the parts carried by thisframe to such a height as may be desired by the operator, the iiow ofwater and consequentlytheinovements of these parts being regulated bymeans of the valve F3, Fig. lO.

The arrangement of the cross head is best shown in Fig. 9, from which itwill be seen that the upper end of pipe A. is turned oi to form ashoulder D3 upon which the cross head rests and upon which it canrevolve when it may be necessary to rotate this cross head, the trameand the riveting machine in order to drive rivets at any angle on theWork.' The pipe E into which water passes from the supply pipe E. aswell as the T, F and pipes F, F2 are connected to the cross head by twobearings F3 bolted to said cross head, one on each side of the T-F. andwhen rotating with the cross head can turn in the stuiiing boX E2 whichis carried by the upper part of sta- IOO tionary pipe A. By thesearrangements the cross head D. and the parts carried thereby can berevolved upon the top of the central stationary pipe A.

Y. Fig. 1, is a pinion carried in suitable bearings on a casting Y2attached to the pipe A., said casting forming a stop for the upwardmovement of the lifting frame work, and Y', a partial gear wheel on thecross head D. meshing with said pinion. By revolving said pinion by asuitable crank, the gear wheel Y and the cross head D. and its connectedparts may be turned around ninety degrees.

J., Figs. 9 and 10, are clampings keys of which there may be four or anyother number which operate to lock the cross head at any desiredposition on the pipe A.

From the T-F. a pipe F conveys Water to` the cylinders which operate therams for driving the rivets.

My riveting machine contains in all four? cylinders; a main ram cylinderand main ram which does the actual work of driving the rivets; twoauxiliary cylinders which are used to bring the main ram up against thework before the water is admitted under pressurel to the main cylinderand a pull back cylinder which is centrally located within the mainV ramand the power of which is equal to one half the combined power ofthe twoauxiliary cylinders above mentioned. The'pressure of water in the pullback cylinder is at all times constant. The waterfrom the pipe F entersagland l, Fig. 1, in the bottom of which is screwed a pipe I', the lowerend of which is closed by means of 'a plug or other suitable device. 12is a pipe which passes down through gland I. andenters pipe I; the lowerend of this pipe is open and receives the water that enters gland I andpipe I and its upper end is connected with a valve K, through which thewater passes on its way to the main and auxiliary cylinders and by meansof which the iiow of this water is controlled and directly with the pullback cylinder, as hereinafter described. The gland I. and pipe I arestationary fixtures while the pipe I2 rises and falls with the frame C,and its connected parts, the gland Iforming a water tight joint at alltimes to prevent escape of waterduring the movements of pipe l2.

K', Fig. 1, is a lever by means of which the valve K. is operated, inorder to start or stop the riveting machine. The first movement of thislever admits water to pipes K2, which are connected with the auxiliary'cylinders, L'. L, Figs. 1 and 4. These cylinders are furnished withpistons L2, which pass through suitable stuffing boxes L3 on the forwardends of the cylinders and are bolted or otherwise secured to a crosshead or lugs L4 which are suitably secured to the main ram R. and whichextend out from the main ram, passing through slots M in the main ramcylinder, M, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4. The auxiliary cylinders carrythe main ram forward until the tool that forms the rivet head engagesthe work; at this time the operator gives a further movement to lever Kand water is admitted from valve K. to pipe Ks and from this pipe to themain cylinder M., pushing forward the main ram R. and forming the headupon the rivet. During the operation of the auxiliary cylinders andwhile the main ram is being moved forward by them, the main cylinder isfilled with exhaust water from the exhaust water tank K'1 Fig. l towhich it is connected through the exhaust ports of the valve K. by thepipe K5 shown in Fig. 1.

The efficiency of hydraulic riveters, Working with an accumulatorsystem, has heretofore been in ordinary bridge riveters from twelve totwenty-five per cent.; this efficiency is vastly increased by myarrangement of auxiliary cylinders. The pull back cylinder is best shownin Fig. 4. The center of 'the main ram is bored out, forming acylinderS., and in this cylinder is placed a'stationary pistonor water way, S,which is connected by suitable Water ways with the Water pipe I2,already described and shown in Fi'g. 1..

S2 is a sleeve gland which is passed in through the forward end ofcylinder S, this being bored out to receive it, and which glandsurrounds the forward'end of stationary piston or water way.

S3 is a packing placed between rear end of sleeve gland S2 and ashoulder formed at'the end of cylinder which contains the sleeve.

S"S5 are screws by means of which the sleeve gland and the packing maybeadjusted.

U. is a pin the'ends of which areheldby the sides of the cylinder M. andwhich passes through slots U in the ram R. and through slots U2 in thesleeve gland S2. Theforward end of stationary piston S bears againstthis pin and is by it kept from moving forward. There is a constantpressure of water'from pipe 12 and through stationary piston S bearingagainst the rear end of cylinder S., and as soon as the pressure istaken olf the main ramand the auxiliary rams this pressureimmediatelyacts to drive the main ram backward. As before stated, the power of thepull back cylinder is equal to the power of one of the auxiliarycylinders and hence the combined power of the two auxiliary cylinderseasily overcomes the resistance of the pull back `cylinder when theforward stroke is being made.

The tool for driving the rivets is carried upon the upper forward end ofthe main ram R, as shown at V, Figs. 1, 2 and 7. The eccentric positionof the riveting tool in relation to the central axis of the main ram isan important factor in accomplishing certain classes of work, but theunequal strains caused by such a construction have heretofore proveddisastrous for heavy work. In my design these strains are properly welltaken care of bylong,large, continuousand easily renewable bearingsurfaces. The eect of this eccentrieity is a constant tendency for theram to IOO ITO

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VV496,059r I d i B cock up and wear out the bearings in the maincylinder in which it Works; hence the removable sleeves at the front andrear ends of the main cylinder, which when worn may be removed with easewithout having to dismantle the machine and without serious loss oftime.

The bearings are best shown in Fig. 2; the front bearing preferablyconsists of two half sleeves turned outside to it the bore of the maincylinder, and bored inside to receive the main ram. For the sake ofcompactness the bushings are shown located within the castlng of themain cylinder, but if necessary, or preferred, they could be carried bythe main frame of the machine and be entirely separate from the maincylinder. The rearbearin g consists preferably of a continuous sleeve.

a, is the forward removable sleeve, b, the rear sleeve. The front sleevea, is secured to the cylinder M. by means of screws or studs, d, and therear sleeve is passed into the rear end of the cylinder which isafterward closed by means of a screw head, e.

f, Figs. l and 2 are screws of which there are preferably from three tosix, situated at points equally distant from each other, which passthrough the screw head e, and through stufing boxes f carried by thescrew head e, so that there will be no leakage around them, and whichbear against the rear end of the bearing b.

c, is the packing which prevents escape of water from the forward end ofthe main cylinder M. around the main ram R.; the forward end of thebearing h, bears against this packing and by means of screws,f, thesleeve bearing may be forced `in to expand the packing c. The bearing b,thus acts as a gland. This sleeve bearing is prevented from rotating bya dowel pin b', Fig. 2.

It will be observed that all the packngs wherever used may be tightenedreadily from the outside by simply setting up the screws which areconveniently and accessibly located for this purpose, and further, thatany packing may be renewed or replaced without having to dismantle themachine.

In order to economize time and save water in the use of my machine, Ihave devised a plan for limiting the backward movement of the main ramR. This device is illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 8. Where short rivetsare to be driven, it is of course evident that it would be a Waste ot'both time and power for the ram R. to make its full backward stroke, andin order to regulate the stroke for rivets of dit'- ferent lengths, Iuse the device shown in the figures above mentioned.

g. is a rod, the forward end of which is screwed or otherwise suitablysecured to the central rear part of the main ram, as shown; this rodpasses backward and through the center of the screw head c, in which isa gland,

g and packing c2, as shown. g3 is a screw through which rod g alsopasses and by means of which the gland g', and packing `may betightened.

Upon a bracket 71., carried by the rear end of main cylinder, is a rockshaft 2', upon which is mounted tightly a plate k, upon the periphery ofwhich are a number of cams, Z-Z- Z2-, dac., each of which is at adifferent distance from the center of the shaft t'. Fast to shaft i is acrank i', to the free end of which is pivoted one end of a link t2, theother end of which is pivoted to one arm of a bell crank lever, 3, whichis pivoted to a bracket i5 (shown iu Fig. l), carried by the maincylinder or one of the auxiliary cylinders at i4. To the other arm ofthis bell crank lever is pivoted one end of a rod m, which extendsforward along the top or side of the cylinders, as shown. By shiftingthis rod forward or backward, any one of the cams Z-Z-Z2, &c., may beput into position to engage and limit the backward movement of the rodg,and the main ram R. n, is a counterweight, carried by the shaft i',which counterbalances the weight of crank i', link i2, bell crank i3,&c.

In Figs. l and 5 the stationary head of the riveter is shown; this iscarried by back stake of the frame C. corresponding to the arm whichcarries the cylinders. N. is a nut upon the top of arm C. and securedthereto in any suitable manner. O. is a screw passing through this nut,the inner end of which carries the tool O which holds the rivet whilethe head is being formed on the other end by the tool carried by themain ram R. O2 is a screw collar passing over rear end of screw O. P. isa handle attached to collar O2 and Q. a set screw by means of which thiscollar may be connected with the threads of screw O. at any desirablepoint. This device is used to adjust the rivet holder O for rivets orwork of dierent thicknesses and being old and well known need not befurther described here.

From Fig. l, it will be seen that the frame C. is made in two piecessecured together by bolts, A-A2, and that in addition to its verticalmovements upon the central stationary column A. it is also capable of amovement of rotation upon this column.

I do not desire to limit myself to the combination of my rivetingmachinery proper with a lifting and rotating frame, as the framecarrying the riveting machinery may be provided with lugs and bolteddown to a solid foundation.

IVhile I have described by riveting machine as hydraulic, it will beunderstood that many of the features of my machine may be used inriveting machines, the motive power of which is other than hydraulic.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patentl. The combination of a stationary column, a cylindersurrounding said column and capable of a vertical and a rotary movementthereon, a frame connected to said cylinder carrying at its upper ends ariveting machine, two or more cylinders connected with said column andpistons within said cylinders con- IOO I IVO `nected to said frame andadapted to operate said frame and itsconnected parts vertically.

2. The combination of astationary column, a cylinder surrounding saidcolumn and capable of a vertical and a rotary movement thereon a frameconnected to said cylinder carrying at its upper endsa riveting machine,a cross head upon the upper end of said column adapted to have a rotarymovement thereon, a vertical sliding connection between said frame andcross head, whereby the cross head is rotated with the frame, two ormore cylinders connected to said cross head with pistons connected tosaid frame and adapted` to operate said frame andits connected parts`vertically, and ways through which the drivtons connecting said crosshead and frame and adapted to move said frame vertically.

4. The combination of a cylinder, a head closing the rear end ofcylinder, a continuous central cylindrical ram, a movable gland at rearend of cylinder, a longitudinal hole in ram terminating at its front endbut closedv at its back and a stationary piston or piston rod fittingand resting in said longitudinal. hole in said ram and having itsforward end butting against the stationary parts of the machine.

5. The herein described device for adjusting vertically the position ofthe riveting machine and the frame which carries said machine and incombination with said frame and machine, a central stationary pipe, across head carried by upper end of said pipe, plungers carried by saidframe, stuffing boxes and hydraulic cylinders carried by said cross headwhich said plungers enter and pipes and mechanism carried by andconnected to said cross head, through which water is admitted to saidcylinders, and the flow thereof con. trolled in order to elevate ordepress said plungers and their connected parts.

6. The combination with the main ram and cylinder of a hydraulicriveting machine of two auxiliary cylinders and rams and a cross head orlugs projecting from the main ram and connected to the outside ends ofsaid auxiliary rams.

7. The combination with the main ram and cylinder of a hydraulicriveting machine of two auxiliary hydraulic cylinders and rams,

a cross head or lugs projectingfrom the main ram and connected tooutside ends of said auxiliary rams and slots in sides of main cylinderextension or frame through which said cross head or lugs may pass andlnove longitudinally.

8. The combination with a cylinder and a head for closing the rear headof said cylinder of a sleeve forming the lining of the rear end of saidcylinder and being in immediate contact with the moving piston a packingone end of which butts against a shoulder on said cylinder and the otheragainst the forward end of said sleeve, and set screws projectingthrough back end of said cylinder and' bearing against back end of saidsleeve, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. The combination with the main cylinder and ram of a hydraulicriveting machine of a cylinder contained by the main ram, a stationarypiston within said cylinder and a stationary pin or cross head supportedoutside the movable main ram and butting against the stationary piston.

10. The combination with the main cylinder and ram of a hydraulicriveting machine of a cylinder bored upon the longitudinal axis of theram astationary piston within said cylinder, a pin carried by the maincylinder and extending through the ram and against which said stationarypiston butts, a packing between said stationary piston and its cylinderand a gland by means of which said packingmay be expanded from the frontof the machine.

l1. The combination with the main ram'and cylinder of a hydraulicriveting machine of a rod projecting centrally back from the rear end ofthe ram and through the center of the rear head of the cylinder andstops whereby the backward movement of said rod and ram may be arrestedin order to adjust the backward stroke of the machine.

12. The combination with the main'ram and cylinder of a hydraulicriveting machine of a rod projecting centrally backward from the rearend of the ram and through an adjustable packing and gland centrallylocated in the rear head ot' the cylinder, a shaft carried upon bracketson the rear end of the cylinder and a plate carried by said shaft,having faces upon its periphery at different distances from its center,adapted to engage and limit the backward movement of said rod and ram,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

. HENRIK V. LOSS.

Vitnesses:

MORRIS R. BocKIUs, CHAs. A. BUTTER.

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